Historical and geographical mapping of Kharkiv region in the XIX and XX centuries

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the thematic historical and geographical maps of Kharkiv region and the city of Kharkiv on the funds of the Central Scientific Library of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University and V. G. Korolenko Kharkiv State Scientific Library. Main material. Topographic, political - administrative and military mapping traditionally developed in Kharkiv region in the XIX-XX centuries. Cartographic materials on the territory of the region, which can be found in the funds of Kharkiv libraries, cannot be called ancient: among the maps dating back to 1945, the largest variety are administrative maps of the late XIX century and plans of Kharkiv of different years of creation. There are several collections related to the time of publication, features of creation and purpose: “Atlas of the Kharkiv governorship in 1787 with a topographic description”, “Maps of the Kharkiv province”, “List of reports of the Kharkiv provincial Zemsky Administration submitted to the XXXII Regular Zemsky assembly of Kharkiv 1896”. Plans of the city of Kharkiv from 1804 to 1916 are part of the “Album of ancient plans of the city of Kharkiv, pictures of its views and portraits of its figures”. These plans are real works of art, an important legacy of national cartography. The album does not contain maps of the province, and is devoted only to images of the city, which allows geographers to assess how the boundaries of Kharkiv have changed over time, as well as its planning and approaches to mapping. The analyzed plans depict the general scheme of the city, its relief, hydrography and socio-economic elements, which are large enterprises and roads with other provinces. The funds of Kharkiv State Scientific Library are also rich in wall maps of Kharkiv, which differ in format, purpose and approaches to design. Conclusions and further research. The funds of the Central Scientific Library of Karazin University and Kharkiv State Scientific Library preserve a significant number of historical and geographical cartographic works from different times on the territory of Slobozhansky Krai and its parts. Most maps are groupped into collections or atlases, but there are also largescale wall plans of towns, separate maps of military maneuvers, table maps of the province. The idea of creating a catalog of regional cartographic works or a collection “Ancient cartographic works of Kharkiv region” looks promising.