MODERN ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM OF FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL FEMULAR

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to study the current global clinical and epidemiological features of proximal hip fractures and the risks of their development and spread. The paper identifies the main aspects of the spread and treatment of fractures of the proximal femur; main world modern epidemiological characteristics of hip fractures and levels of risks of their development and spread. The relationship between comorbidities in patients with proximal hip fractures and the risk of various treatment complications is shown. The main types of treatment tactics are identified, the groups of the most common comorbidities in such patients are given. As a result of the work it was established: the percentage of fractures of the proximal thigh is 9.00–45.00 % among all skeletal fractures in the older age group and among all age categories – 17.00–24.00 %; global annual morbidity is 1.7 million people, and mortality – 11.00–23.00 % in 6 months and 22.00–29.00 % in a year; increase in the frequency of these fractures with age with doubling after 50 years every ten years; average age of patients – 75–79 years; predominance of women over men in 2-3 times; the lowest annual age-standardized cases among women are in Nigeria, South Africa, Tunisia and Ecuador, and the highest are in Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Austria, which is also typical for men; significant economic burden of treatment and high levels of fractures with osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and more; the advantage of surgical treatment over conservative.