THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC ACIDS AND SOME THEIR DERIVATIVES

Abstract

The heats of vaporization, combustion, formation, entropy and the heat capacities in different phases of different carbonic acids and their derivatives: acetates, esters with fatty radicals, two-, three- and four-basic acids (52 compounds) were analysed in the framework of one-parametric mathematic equations. The experimental data of all chosen one-, two-, three- and four-basic acids were analyzed. It was determined, that all thermodynamic functions of these types of compounds depend on the number of valence electrons N, from which the sum of lone electron pairs g as represented in the equations Δvap,c,fH° = i ±  f (N-g) and S°(Cp) = i ±  f (N-g) is excluded. The coefficients f in the first equations is in the range of 104-113 kJ mol-1 electron-1, that corresponds to the same values f in the equations, which are mentioned in our earlier papers on the determination of the heats of combustion of organic acids. As concerned of coefficient i in the received equations, necessary to note that situation is not synonymous as with the coefficient f. The magnitudes of this coefficient are different in the equations of vaporization, combustion, formation also as in the equations of entropy and the heat of capacity. On the base of literary experimental data we calculated the 29 new equations, which can be used for the calculation of the same thermodynamic functions for other new organic acids and especially bioorganic substances with the useful properties. Necessary to add, that the received equations can serve as additional material for the calculation of the bond energies of fatty acids and their derivatives in gas phase.