Modern methods of surgical treatment of patients with meniscus injuries (literature review)

Abstract

To date, arthroscopy is a universal method of diagnosis and treatment of the knee joint. Thanks to arthroscopic visualization, it made it possible to subdivide meniscal ruptures into their morphological types, such as horizontal rupture, longitudinal rupture, radial rupture, watering can handle-type rupture, meniscus root rupture. However, operations that are performed due to meniscus damage are among the most frequent in traumatology and orthopedics. The main and most commonly performed types of arthroscopic operations for meniscal damage are partial resection and reconstruction of menisci by suturing. Currently, the most modern concept is the surgical treatment of meniscal injuries, not only taking into account the morphological type of ruptures, but also the regenerative ability of menisci with the allocation of blood supply zones. At the same time, specialists, even with general information about the anatomy of menisci, morphology of ruptures, diagnostic methods and complications, do not have a common opinion about modern methods of surgical treatment of meniscus ruptures. Therefore, we decided to analyze the data of modern literature and find out what modern methods of surgical treatment of patients with meniscus ruptures exist. Our goal is to introduce readers to modern methods of surgical treatment of patients with meniscus ruptures. In the presented literature review, based on scientific data over the past 10 years from scientific databases NCBI Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Healio Orthopedics, Medline, such methods of surgical treatment of menisci as partial resection, reconstruction of menisci using techniques outside-in, inside-out, everything inside, including using a self-regulating fixator are highlighted, as well as an approach to surgical treatment of meniscus root rupture.