Frequency of congenital heart diseases in newborn: ten years’ single clinic experience

Abstract

Congenital heart disease occurs in the population with a frequency of 8 per 1000 live births. Information on the incidence of various congenital heart defects in newborns in connection with the widespread introduction of prenatal ultrasound diagnostics and an increase in its accuracy allows for planning pregnancy and management of newborns with critical heart defects. The aim of this study wasto retrospectively study the incidence of various congenital heart defects according to echocardiographic studies among newborns in the framework of the experience of one clinic over the period from 2009 to 2019. In the clinic of the Science Research Institute of Cardiology, echocardiographic studies were performed in 34298 children aged 1 day to 17 years, the average age was 3.68 years, the median 2.0 years. The newborns accounted for 4.6% of them (n = 1607). The results of echocardiographic studies were analyzed in 1607 newborns aged from 1 to 27 days. In 247 (15.3%) of the examined no congenital defects were detected, 1360 newborns had various congenital heart diseases. It was found that the most common anomaly in  newborns were interventricular septal defects (37%), more than 60% of all interventricular septal defects were clinically insignificant small muscle defects. It has been shown that the incidence of congenital heart defects in newborns with complex prenatal diagnosis (coarctation of the aorta, double outlet right ventricle) has increased in recent years. A decrease in the incidence of atrioventricular septal defect was observed over the past five years. The possibilities of neonatal cardiac surgery in a particular clinic influenced the structure of the occurrence of individual congenital heart disease due to prenatal pregnancy planning and surgical tactics.