The relationship between sense of coherence and oral health-related quality of life among medical and dental students in India: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the sense of coherence (SOC) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and evaluate the relationship between the two parameters among medical and dental students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 210 medical and dental students in the district of Kottayam in Kerala, India. A stratified random sampling technique based on the year of study was employed. The sample size was calculated based on a pilot study conducted among 20 medical and 20 dental students. Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Spearman’s correlation test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The SOC and OHRQoL were higher among dental students than medical students. Those exposed to clinical postings presented with a higher SOC than the preclinical students. Furthermore, SOC was negatively correlated with the oral health impact among the clinical category of students (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Health is dependent on the individual and other physical, biological, and psychosocial factors. The concept of sense of coherence (SOC) is a psychosocial determinant of oral health in adults. A strong association between SOC and oral health-related quality of life has been established. In this study, OHRQoL was associated with the SOC among medical and dental students. Clinical category of students expressed a high SOC and better OHRQoL. Although the clinical category of students asserted a better quality of life, their stress level needs to be minimized. Health promotion and prevention of psychosocial symptoms should be included in the medical and dental curriculum.