Influence of`COVID infection or vaccination on pregnancy outcome

Abstract

Objectives The study aimed to assess the effect of Covid infection or Vaccination on pregnancy outcomes. Material and Methods Infection and vaccination status of 372 women were collected during the pandemic period (March 2020 to March 2022) from medical records and personal interviews of pregnant women visiting two hospitals for antenatal care and through a survey form circulated online. Seventy-eight women were still on follow-up during the study. The women were categorized into (i) Infected during gestation, (ii) Vaccinated before pregnancy, (iii) Vaccinated during pregnancy, (iv) Vaccinated after delivery (v) unvaccinated. Individuals in (iv) and (v) categories were taken as controls. Results Thirty-six women were infected during gestation, 156 were vaccinated before/during pregnancy, and 180 were kept as controls The result showed that 35 individuals from the sample size had adverse pregnancy outcomes such as Spontaneous abortions, MTPs (Carried out after an ultrasound detected abnormality), and Intrauterine deaths, 4 of them were infected and 23 were vaccinated before/ during pregnancy, and 8 were the controls, indicating that 77% of individuals with adverse pregnancy outcomes were exposed to either virus/vaccination. Eighty-nine women had mild complications during pregnancy, such as Oligo/Polyhydramnios, Abnormal USG, and biochemical markers. 56.1% of these individuals were exposed to the virus or vaccination, slightly higher than the control group. Conclusion In this preliminary follow-up study, an association was seen between SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 vaccination, and adverse pregnancy outcomes.