Evaluation of Immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) Protease and IgA1 Protease-Inhibitory Activity in Human Female Genital Infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Author:

Hedges Spencer R.1,Mayo Matthew S.2,Kallman Lisa1,Mestecky Jiri13,Hook Edward W.3,Russell Michael W.1

Affiliation:

1. Departments of Microbiology1 and

2. Biostatistics Unit of the Comprehensive Cancer Center,2University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

3. Medicine3 and

Abstract

ABSTRACT Immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) protease, an enzyme that selectively cleaves human IgA1, may be a virulence factor for pathogenic organisms such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae . Host protection from the effects of IgA1 protease includes antibody-mediated inhibition of IgA1 protease activity, and it is believed that the relative balance between IgA1 protease and inhibitory antibodies contributes to the pathogenesis of disease caused by IgA1 protease-producing organisms. We have examined the levels of these two opposing factors in genital tract secretions and sera from women with uncomplicated infection with N. gonorrhoeae . When IgA1 in cervical mucus was examined by Western blotting, no evidence of cleavage fragments characteristic of IgA1 protease activity was seen in gonococcus-infected or control patients. Cleavage fragments typical of IgA1 protease were detected, however, after the addition of exogenous IgA1 protease to cervical mucus. Degraded IgA1 was detected in some vaginal wash samples, but the fragment pattern was not typical of IgA1 protease activity. All N. gonorrhoeae isolates from the infected patients produced IgA1 protease in vitro. All but two serum samples and 16 of 65 cervical mucus samples displayed inhibitory activity against gonococcal IgA1 protease, but there was no significant difference in the level of inhibitory activity between gonococcus-infected and noninfected patients in either cervical mucus or serum. There was no difference in the levels of IgA1 protease-inhibitory activity in serum or cervical mucus collected from patients at recruitment and 2 weeks later. These results suggest that cleavage of IgA1 by gonococcal IgA1 protease within the lumen of the female lower genital tract is unlikely to be a significant factor in the pathogenesis of infections by N. gonorrhoeae .

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology,Microbiology,Parasitology

Cited by 33 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Mechanisms of host manipulation by Neisseria gonorrhoeae;Frontiers in Microbiology;2023-02-03

2. Progress Toward a Gonococcal Vaccine: The Way Forward;Frontiers in Immunology;2019-10-15

3. Mucosal Immunity in Sexually Transmitted Infections;Diagnostics to Pathogenomics of Sexually Transmitted Infections;2018-09-28

4. Immunity to Sexually Transmitted Infections;Mucosal Immunology;2015

5. Microbial Evasion of IgA Functions;Mucosal Immunology;2015

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