Multilaboratory Survey To Evaluate Salmonella Prevalence in Diarrheic and Nondiarrheic Dogs and Cats in the United States between 2012 and 2014-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Multilaboratory Survey To Evaluate Salmonella Prevalence in Diarrheic and Nondiarrheic Dogs and Cats in the United States between 2012 and 2014

Published:2017-05 Issue:5 Volume:55 Page:1350-1368
ISSN:0095-1137
Container-title:Journal of Clinical Microbiology
language:en
Short-container-title:J Clin Microbiol

Author:

Reimschuessel Renate¹,Grabenstein Michael¹,Guag Jake¹,Nemser Sarah M.¹,Song Kyunghee²,Qiu Junshan³,Clothier Kristin A.⁴,Byrne Barbara A.⁵,Marks Stanley L.⁵,Cadmus Kyran⁶,Pabilonia Kristy⁶,Sanchez Susan⁷,Rajeev Sreekumari⁸,Ensley Steve⁹,Frana Timothy S.⁹,Jergens Albert E.⁹,Chappell Kimberly H.¹⁰,Thakur Siddhartha¹⁰,Byrum Beverly¹¹,Cui Jing¹¹,Zhang Yan¹¹,Erdman Matthew M.¹²,Rankin Shelley C.¹³,Daly Russell¹⁴,Das Seema¹⁴,Ruesch Laura¹⁴,Lawhon Sara D.¹⁵^ORCID,Zhang Shuping¹⁵,Baszler Timothy¹⁶,Diaz-Campos Dubraska¹⁶,Hartmann Faye¹⁷,Okwumabua Ogi¹⁷

Affiliation:

1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, Laurel, Maryland, USA

2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation, Rockville, Maryland, USA

3. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA

4. California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA

5. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA

6. College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

7. College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA

8. Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Tifton, Georgia, USA

9. College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA

10. College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA

11. Ohio Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Ohio Department of Agriculture, Reynoldsburg, Ohio, USA

12. U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, Iowa, USA

13. University of Pennsylvania, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

14. Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department, Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA

15. College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

16. Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA

17. Department of Pathobiological Sciences/WVDL, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT Eleven laboratories collaborated to determine the periodic prevalence of Salmonella in a population of dogs and cats in the United States visiting veterinary clinics. Fecal samples (2,965) solicited from 11 geographically dispersed veterinary testing laboratories were collected in 36 states between January 2012 and April 2014 and tested using a harmonized method. The overall study prevalence of Salmonella in cats (3 of 542) was <1%. The prevalence in dogs (60 of 2,422) was 2.5%. Diarrhea was present in only 55% of positive dogs; however, 3.8% of the all diarrheic dogs were positive, compared with 1.8% of the nondiarrheic dogs. Salmonella -positive dogs were significantly more likely to have consumed raw food ( P = 0.01), to have consumed probiotics ( P = 0.002), or to have been given antibiotics ( P = 0.01). Rural dogs were also more likely to be Salmonella positive than urban ( P = 0.002) or suburban ( P = 0.001) dogs. In the 67 isolates, 27 unique serovars were identified, with three dogs having two serovars present. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 66 isolates revealed that only four of the isolates were resistant to one or more antibiotics. Additional characterization of the 66 isolates was done using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Sequence data compared well to resistance phenotypic data and were submitted to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). This study suggests an overall decline in prevalence of Salmonella -positive dogs and cats over the last decades and identifies consumption of raw food as a major risk factor for Salmonella infection. Of note is that almost half of the Salmonella -positive animals were clinically nondiarrheic.

Funder

HHS | U.S. Food and Drug Administration

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Microbiology (medical)

Link

https://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/JCM.02137-16

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