Hydroxamate Siderophores of Histoplasma capsulatum

Author:

Howard Dexter H.1,Rafie Ramin1,Tiwari Anupama1,Faull Kym F.2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology,1 and

2. The Pasarow Mass Spectroscopy Laboratory, Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, and the Neuropsychiatric Institute,2 UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California

Abstract

ABSTRACT The zoopathogenic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum , like other eukaryotic aerobic microorganisms, requires iron for growth. Under conditions of low iron availability, the fungus secretes hydroxamates that function as siderophores (iron chelators). The experiments to be reported were designed to gather further information on the hydroxamate siderophores of H. capsulatum . The fungus was grown in a synthetic medium deferrated with the cationic exchange resin Chelex 100. Siderophores were detected after 4 days of incubation at 37°C in media containing 0.3 to 1.0 μM iron. The secretion was suppressed by 10 μM iron. The hydroxamates were purified by reverse-phase and size-exclusion chromatography. On the basis of ions observed during electrospray mass spectroscopy, five hydroxamate siderophores were tentatively identified: dimerum acid, acetyl dimerum acid, coprogen B, methyl coprogen B, and fusarinine (monomeric). A polyclonal antibody to dimerum acid was generated. This reagent cross-reacted with coprogen B and fusarinine. Thus, the antibody detects hydroxamates in all three families of siderophores excreted by H. capsulatum .

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology,Microbiology,Parasitology

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