Comparison of Sandbag, Close Pad, and Cold Application Combined with Sandbag in Preventing Peripheral Vascular Complications After Cardiac Catheterisation

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of sandbag method, close pad application, and cold application plus sandbag in preventing peripheral vascular complications after coronary procedure. Methods: 120 patients were included in this experimental study. Three different methods were used following coronary procedure within the scope of the planned study. Only sandbag was used for 40 patients, only close pad for 40 patients and cold application plus sandbag for 40 patients. In all groups, the presence of hematoma, haemorrhage, ecchymosis, and pain was evaluated at the 15th minute, 4th hour, on 1st, and 2nd days after removal of the catheter. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Individual Observation Form and the Visual Analogue Scale. Results: In the second day follow-up after coronary intervention, it was found that ecchymosis was higher for the close pad method, but it was similar in the sandbag group and sandbag plus cold application group (p = 0.047). At the 4th hour follow-up after coronary intervention, the pain in the sandbag plus cold application method was less than the close pad and sandbag methods (p = 0.04). Conclusions: It was concluded that the methods applied in the present study were effective in preventing peripheral vascular complications, but close pad application was less effective in preventing ecchymosis compared to the other methods and sandbag plus cold application method was more effective in pain control. In this context, it was thought that the present study may guide the more comprehensive randomised controlled studies to be planned in the future.