Modifiable and Unmodifiable Variable Analysis of Hypertension Incidence

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Blood pressure may cause 7.5 million deaths and around 12.8% are deaths. The hypertension will continue and it is predicted in 2025, there are 29% of adults worldwide will be affected by hypertension. Based on data from Arosuka District Hospital in Solok, there were 133 (14.31%) patients with hypertension. AIM: The purpose of this research was to determine factors influence hypertension. METHODS: The type of this research was cross-sectional. The populations were all of hypertensive patients who visited the Arosuka District Hospital. They were 133 samples. They had been chosen using total sampling. Then, the data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate through Chi-square and multivariate tests with binary logistic regression. RESULTS: The results showed that the variables related to hypertension were age (elderly = 66.2%, p = 0.0001, OR = 0.107), gender (female = 63.9%, p = 0.0001, OR = 3.917), index body mass (overweight = 69.2%, p = 0.0001, OR = 4.451), exercise (not exercising = 57.9%, p = 0.020, OR = 2.296), smoking (not smoking = 63.9%, p = 0.0001, OR = 0.255), and heart disease (undiagnosed = 87.2%, p = 0.005, OR = 7.000). In short, the variable related to hypertension were age (p = 0.0001, OR = 0.114), body mass index (p = 0.032, OR = 2.737), and heart disease (p = 0.002, OR = 12.231). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the most influential factor toward hypertension was heart disease. Prevention is done by having a heart-healthy diet, controlling blood pressure, maintaining a normal body weight, quitting smoking, and being diligent in doing physical activity.