Control of Dengue Epidemic in Lahore: A fortuitous application of One Health Approach

Abstract

Abstract Pakistan, a developing country in South-east Asia, is experiencing disease outbreaks caused by human, animal, and environmental interactions. The One Health approach relies on intersectoral collaboration. This is now recognized as the key to controlling epidemics. Although Pakistan is still in the process of adopting the One Health approach, this case study highlights the effective control of the 2010–2011 dengue outbreak in Lahore and other cities of the Punjab province, This was the greatest achievement of the Punjab health sector. For the first time, administrative departments under the control of political government formed partnerships among human, animal, environmental, entomology, and microbiology experts to develop strategies. Other departments, such as transportation, solid waste management, fisheries, police, and education also participated in anti-dengue activities. This included the surveillance of larvicidal measures, elimination of potential breeding sites, and community mobilization campaigns. The general public was motivated to participate by volunteers, and the level of communication, coordination, and collaboration was at par with an ideal One Health project. The outcome was the effective control of the dengue epidemic, disproving projections, and bringing vector-borne menace to endemic levels. This case study demonstrates that the One Health approach is still possible even in developing countries with overburdened health systems and conventionally siloed departments. It serves as a cornerstone for advocating that the One Health approach, once tested in one of Pakistan’s largest provinces, should be adopted nationally in letter and spirit. Information © The Authors 2023