Case report on prolonged kidney graft survival without immunosuppressive therapy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Abstract

Background. The possibility of inducing immunological tolerance in allogeneic organ transplant recipients is a research goal of the transplantology community, as it will ensure the likelihood of complete engraftment of a foreign organ. However, such a task presently remains difficult to accomplish.Objective: to demonstrate longterm kidney graft survival without signs of acute rejection and without immunosuppressive therapy in a patient who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from a haploidentical donor for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD).Methods and materials. Recipient’s graft function was assessed using clinical, laboratory, instrumental and pathomorphological examination methods. Results. With no immunosuppressive therapy for more than four years, the kidney recipient showed stable, satisfactory graft function.Conclusion. The described clinical case demonstrates the development of immunological tolerance to a kidney graft in a recipient of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).