Advances in Transcatheter Electrosurgery for Treating Valvular Heart Disease

Abstract

Delivery of electrosurgery energy through catheters and guidewires enables interventionists to ‘cut’ through obstructive intravascular lesions or across cardiac chambers. A novel application of transcatheter electrosurgery is to make controlled lacerations in heart valve leaflets. This review describes three applications of transcatheter electrosurgery of aortic and mitral valve leaflets to enable transcatheter heart valve implantation. Intentional laceration of the anterior mitral leaflet to prevent left ventricular outflow obstruction splits and splays the anterior mitral valve and enables transcatheter mitral valve replacement without left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Technique modifications and novel applications are described. Bioprosthetic or native aortic scallop intentional laceration to prevent iatrogenic coronary artery obstruction enables transcatheter aortic valve replacement without coronary artery obstruction. The technique is described and novel uses, especially in the setting of repeat transcatheter aortic valve replacement, are discussed. Finally, electrosurgical laceration and stabilization of mitral valve clip devices (ELASTA-Clip) enables transcatheter mitral valve replacement after MitraClip implantation. In conclusion, transcatheter electrosurgery is an important and versatile new tool in structural heart intervention.