Oxide and metallic materials for photovoltaic applications: A Review

Abstract

Materials and its properties are the main criteria to build its applications; some of the photovoltaic materials could be used in pure form to fabricate photovoltaic applications of the materials LCD (liquid crystal display), LED (Light emitting diodes), photodiodes and photo transistors. When it will be doped with oxide semiconducting materials its applications will be enhanced commercially. The resultant photovoltaic nanocomposites can be easily changed by its shape and parameters. The transparent conductor is applied to the touch screen panel and it is confirmed that all the final devices operate under continuous mechanical stress.  This review gave the simple basic ideas of its development from 19 century to recent. The technologies of the photovoltaic applications and its electronic devices were dealt in this review. The unique optical properties of graphene were reported the use of solution processed high quality transparent conductive electrode in an organic solar cell. This review also deals with the reports of many researchers and their fabrications of thieno [3,4-b] thiophene/benzodithiophene: phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PTB7:PCB71M) bulk heterojunction organic solar cell based on the exfoliated graphene (EG) anode exhibits a power conversion efficiency for next-generation flexible optoelectronic devices.