Structure of African Populations of Pyricularia oryzae from Rice

Author:

Odjo Théophile1,Diagne Diariatou2,Adreit Henri3,Milazzo Joëlle3,Raveloson Harinjaka4ORCID,Andriantsimialona Dodelys45,Kassankogno Abalo Itolou6,Ravel Sébastien3,Gumedzoé Yawovi Mawuéna Dieudonné7,Ouedraogo Ibrahima6,Koita Ousmane2,Silué Drissa8,Tharreau Didier3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP526 Cotonou, Bénin

2. Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Appliquée, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP E 3206 Bamako, Mali

3. UMR BGPI, CIRAD, TA A54/K, 34398 Montpellier, France. BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France

4. Centre Régional de Recherches Fofifa, 110 BP230 Antsirabe, Madagascar

5. South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, 34398 Montpellier, France

6. Institut de l’Environnement et Recherches Agricoles, BP 910 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

7. Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie de l’Université de Lomé, 01 BP1515 Lomé, Togo

8. Africa Rice Center, Cotonou, 01 BP2031 Bénin

Abstract

Rice blast, caused by the filamentous ascomycete Pyricularia oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. Four genetic clusters were previously identified, and three have a large geographic distribution. Asia is the center of diversity and the origin of most migrations to other continents, and sexual reproduction persisted only in the South China–Laos–North Thailand region, which was identified as the putative center of origin of all P. oryzae populations on rice. Despite the importance of rice blast disease, little is known about the diversity and the population structure of the pathogen in Africa (including Madagascar). The present study was intended to describe the structure of African populations of P. oryzae and identify the relationship between African and worldwide genetic clusters. A set of 2,057 strains (937 African and 1,120 Madagascan strains) were genotyped with 12 simple sequence repeat markers to assess the diversity and the population structure of P. oryzae. Four genetic clusters were identified in Africa and Madagascar. All four clusters previously identified are present in Africa. Populations from West Africa, East Africa, and Madagascar are highly differentiated. The geographic structure is consistent with limited dispersion and with some migration events between neighboring countries. The two mating types are present in Africa with a dominance of Mat1.2, but no female-fertile strain was detected, supporting the absence of sexual reproduction on this continent. This study showed an unsuspected high level of genetic diversity of P. oryzae in Africa and suggested several independent introductions. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .

Publisher

Scientific Societies

Subject

Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science

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