Genetic Constitution and Pathogenicity of Lolium Isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae in Comparison with Host Species-Specific Pathotypes of the Blast Fungus

Abstract

Fungal isolates from gray leaf spot on perennial ryegrass (prg isolates) were characterized by DNA analyses, mating tests, and pathogenicity assays. All of the prg isolates were interfertile with Triticum isolates and clustered into the crop isolate group (CC group) on a dendrogram constructed from rDNA-internal transcribed spacer 2 sequences. Since the CC group corresponded to a newly proposed species, Magnaporthe oryzae, all of the prg isolates were designated M. oryzae. However, DNA fingerprinting with MGR586, MGR583, and Pot2 showed that the prg isolates are divided into two distinct populations, i.e., TALF isolates and WK isolates. The TALF isolates were virulent only on Lolium species, whereas the WK isolates were less specific, suggesting that gray leaf spot can be caused not only by Lolium-specific isolates but also by less specific isolates. We designated the TALF isolates as Lolium pathotype. The TALF isolates showed diverse karyotypes in spite of being uniform in DNA fingerprints, suggesting that theyare unstable in genome organization.