Solid-State Nanopores Used for the Detection of DNA Molecules

Abstract

Solid-state nanopore is crucial in dection of DNA molescules. DNA is made up of two antiparallel strands of polynucleotides. They are joined together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs. The DNA structures are essential for the ability of genetic carrier to control gene expression, promote DNA recombination, and enhance mutagenesis. There are many ways to do DNA testing. Among these methods, nanopore have relatively small size which allows single-molecule detection. It is also less expensive. There are two kinds of nanopores, which are solid-state nanopore and biological nanopore. Solid state nanopore has better capacity to be incorporated into systems and arrays. The channel length and diameter of it can be controlled easily. In addition, its surface properties are also tunable. Therefore, this essay discussed concerning with the different types of nanopore technology: FEB, FIB and wet etching. The mechanism of nanopore was also explained. The existence of nanopores is conducive to a series of research on genes, pharmaceuticals, biology and so on.