Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated condition that affects the gastrointestinal system and alters bone growth and bone mineral density (BMD). Here we aimed to study the prevalence and predictors of a low BMD in pediatric patients with IBD.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional analytical study included pediatric patients with IBD in whom BMD was evaluated using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry of the total body and lumbar spine. Osteoporosis was defined as a BMD Z-score ≤-2, osteopenia as -2 to -1, and normal as >-1. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared between patients with and without osteoporosis.Results: Of the 48 patients, 30 (62.5%) were males, 35 (72.9%) had Crohn’s disease, and 13 (27.1%) had ulcerative colitis. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.9±2.8 years. The median age at the time of the BMD scans was 11.9 (interquartile range, 9.9–14.3) years. Total body BMD scans identified 13 (27.1%) and 16 (33.3%) patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia, respectively. Spinal BMD scans revealed that 17 (39.5%) and 14 (32.6%) patients had osteoporosis and osteopenia, respectively. A low body mass index (BMI) Z-score (<i>p</i>=0.038), ileocolonic disease location (<i>p</i>=0.008), and a low calcium level (<i>p</i>=0.008) were significant predictors of osteoporosis on the total body BMD scans. A low BMI Z-score (<i>p</i>=0.039), decreased hemoglobin level (<i>p</i>=0.018), low calcium level (<i>p</i>=0.033), and infliximab use (<i>p</i>=0.019) were significant predictors of osteoporosis on the spinal BMD scans.Conclusions: This study showed a high prevalence of low BMD among pediatric patients with IBD. A low BMI, ileocolonic disease location, low hemoglobin and calcium levels, and infliximab use were significantly associated with osteoporosis.
Publisher
Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Subject
Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Cited by
2 articles.
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