Kestane Meyve Çürüklüğünde Fungal Floranın Rolü

Abstract

In order to determine the fungi causing kernel rot on chestnut, 150 chestnut kernels were collected from chestnut forests of Düzce province. Ninety-eight of the kernels showed necrosis at various sizes, while the rest of 52 were healthy in appearance. Twelve fungi were recovered from the necrotic kernels, while four from the healthy kernels. The most frequently isolated fungus from the necrotic kernels was Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi, obtained from 24 of the kernels. It was also isolated from 5 healthy kernels and produced necrosis when inoculated on the intact kernels. Besides G. smithogilvyi; 11 fungi; Diplodina castanea (1), Botrytis cinerea (6), Aureobasidium sp. (4), Alternaria alternata (2), Alternaria tenuissima (1), Penicillium spp. (19), Trichoderma sp. (12), Cladosporium sp. (2), Cylindrocarpon sp. (2), Mucor sp. (10), Rhizopus stolonifer (5) and bacterial growth were also recovered from necrotic kernels. On the other hand, G. smithogilvyi (5), Penicillium sp. (9), Trichoderma sp. (6), Mucor sp. (3) and bacterial growth were also found out from the symptomless kernels. G. smithogilvyi, D. castanea, B. cinerea, Cladosporium sp. and Penicillium sp. produced necrosis at varying rates when inoculated on to intact kernels. Compared to other species, Penicillium sp. showed the lowest rate of pathogenicity, which was the dominant fungus on the healthy fruits and recovered from 9 of them.