Hepatitis B prevention and treatment needs in women in Senegal (ANRS 12356 AmBASS survey)

Author:

Djaogol Tchadine,Périères Lauren,Marcellin Fabienne,Diouf Assane,Carrieri Maria Patrizia,Diallo Aldiouma,Boyer Sylvie,Bérenger Cyril,al Qays Bousmah Marwan,Bureau Morgane,Carrieri Patrizia,Coste Marion,de Seze Maëlle,Maradan Gwenaëlle,Treibich Carole,Ba Elhadji,Dièye Fambaye,Bilal Faye Elhadji,Ndiaye Assane,Sokhna Cheikh,Baba Sow Mouhamadou,Touré Kane Coumba,Lo Gora,Selbé Ndiaye Anna Julienne,Ndiour Samba,Halfon Philippe,Mohamed Sofiane,Rouveau Nicolas,Cortès Maria-Camila Calvo,Laborde-Balen Gabrièle,Audibert Martine,Fall Fatou,Gueye Ibrahima,Lacombe Karine,Seydi Moussa,Shimakawa Yusuke,Tuaillon Edouard,Vray Muriel,

Abstract

Abstract Background Although mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is prevalent in West Africa, epidemiological data on HBV infection in women remain scarce. We studied i) hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence and its correlates, ii) HBV screening history and serological status awareness, iii) MTCT risk and treatment needs in Senegalese women. Methods A cross-sectional population-based serosurvey for HBsAg positivity was conducted in 2018–2019 in the rural area of Niakhar (Fatick region, Senegal). Participants were offered home-based HBV screening and answered face-to-face questionnaires. HBsAg-positive participants underwent clinical and biological assessments. Data were weighted and calibrated to be representative of the area’s population. Logistic regression models helped identify factors associated with HBsAg-positivity in adult women (> 15 years old). Results HBsAg prevalence in adult women was 9.2% [95% confidence interval: 7.0–11.4]. Factors associated with HBsAg-positivity were being 15–49 years old (ref: ≥ 50), living in a household with > 2 other HBsAg-positive members, and knowing someone with liver disease. Only 1.6% of women had already been tested for HBV; no one who tested HBsAg positive was already aware of their serological status. In women 15–49 years old, 5% risked MTCT and none were eligible for long-term antiviral treatment. Conclusions Adult women have a high HBsAg prevalence but a low MTCT risk. Low rates of HBV screening and serological status awareness argue for the adoption of systematic screening during pregnancy using free and rapid diagnostic tests. Additionally, screening household members of HBsAg-positive women may greatly improve the cascade of care in rural Senegal. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT03215732.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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