Rat bite fever with osteomyelitis and discitis: case report and literature review

Author:

Adams Steven H.,Mahapatra RahulORCID

Abstract

Abstract Background Rat bite fever (RBF) is a rare systemic febrile illness transmitted by rats. Streptobacillus moniliformis is a pleomorphic Gram-negative bacillus which is the usual etiologic organism for rat bite fever in the United States. Case presentation Here we present a case of rat bite fever complicated by vertebral osteomyelitis and discitis. The patient revealed an exposure history of being bitten by pet rats. The patient’s symptoms dramatically improved with a six-week course of cephalexin therapy. Conclusions It is important to obtain a thorough zoonotic exposure history and maintain rat bite fever in the differential when considering potential causes of discitis and osteomyelitis.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Infectious Diseases

Reference15 articles.

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2. Eisenberg T, Nicklas W, Mauder N, Rau J, Contzen M, Semmler T, et al. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of members of the genus Streptobacillus. PLoS One. 2015;10(8) Cited 2021 Feb 28.

3. Elliott SP. Rat bite fever and Streptobacillus moniliformis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007;20(1):13–22. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00016-06.

4. DuBray KA, Glaser CA. Streptobacillus moniliformis (rat-bite fever). In: Cherry J, Demmler-Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, editors. Feigin and Cherry’s textbook of pediatric infectious diseases. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2019. Cited 2020 May 23.

5. Royer N. The history of fancy rats: American Fancy Rat & Mouse Association; 2015. Available from: https://www.afrma.org/historyrat.htm. Cited 2020 May 30

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