Epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic features and predictors of death among COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Parakou: a cross-sectional study in Northern Benin

Abstract

Abstract Background COVID-19 is an emerging contagious infection with polymorphic clinical manifestations. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic features and identify the predictors of mortality among COVID-19 hospitalized cases in Parakou. Methods This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study. Systematic recruitment was used to include all patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from May 8, 2020, to December 31, 2021, whose medical records were available and usable. The variables studied were clinical and paraclinical signs, diagnostic and therapeutic means, evolution under treatment and prognostic factors. This study was approved by the Local Ethical Committee. The data were analyzed using Stata/MP 14.1 software. Results A total of 198 cases of COVID-19 were identified, 117 of whom were men. The mean age was 51.53 ± 19.51 years. The presenting signs were fever 146 (74.11%), cough 157 (79.70%) and dyspnea 118 (53.90%). It was severe COVID-19 in 108 cases (54.55%). Therapeutically, 95 patients (47.98%) had received the combination of Lopinavir/ritonavir and Ribavirin and 95 others (47.98%) received chloroquine. Recovery was noted in 151 (76.26%) patients. Mortality rate was 18.18%. Predictors of death were high blood pressure, presence of signs of severity, high-concentration mask ventilation used, and elevated transaminases. Conclusion COVID-19 was a reality in Parakou, with a significant number of severe cases requiring hospitalization. Several factors are associated with the prognosis of the disease.