Author:
Carballo-Casla Adrián,Ortolá Rosario,García-Esquinas Esther,Oliveira Andreia,Sotos-Prieto Mercedes,Lopes Carla,Lopez-Garcia Esther,Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Southern European Atlantic Diet (SEAD) is the traditional diet of Northern Portugal and North-Western Spain. Higher adherence to the SEAD has been associated with lower levels of some cardiovascular risk factors and reduced risk for myocardial infarction, but whether this translates into lower all-cause mortality is uncertain. We hence examined the association between adherence to the SEAD and all-cause mortality in older adults.
Methods
Data were taken from the Seniors-ENRICA-1 cohort, which included 3165 individuals representative of the non-institutionalized population aged ≥ 60 years in Spain. Food consumption was assessed with a validated diet history, and adherence to the SEAD was measured with an index comprising 9 food components: fresh fish, cod, red meat and pork products, dairy products, legumes and vegetables, vegetable soup, potatoes, whole-grain bread, and wine. Vital status was ascertained with the National Death Index of Spain. Statistical analyses were performed with Cox regression models and adjusted for the main confounders.
Results
During a median follow-up of 10.9 years, 646 deaths occurred. Higher adherence to the SEAD was associated with lower all-cause mortality (fully adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] per 1-SD increment in the SEAD score 0.86 [0.79, 0.94]; p-trend < 0.001). Most food components of the SEAD showed some tendency to lower all-cause mortality, especially moderate wine consumption (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.71 [0.59, 0.86]). The results were robust in several sensitivity analyses. The protective association between SEAD and all-cause death was of similar magnitude to that found for the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] per 1-SD increment 0.89 [0.80, 0.98]) and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (0.83 [0.76, 0.92]).
Conclusions
Adherence to the SEAD is associated with a lower risk of all-cause death among older adults in Spain.
Funder
Instituto de Salud Carlos III, State Secretary of R+D+I and FEDER/FSE
JPI-A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life, State Secretary of R+D+I
Cátedra de Epidemiología y Control del Riesgo Cardiovascular at UAM
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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