Value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in the prediction of left ventricular thrombus in anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction with left ventricular dysfunction

Abstract

Abstract Background The predictors of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) formation are not well defined in the contemporary era, especially in those patients at high risk. We aimed to evaluate whether the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is valuable in the determination of LVT formation in patients with anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Methods The LVT group (n = 46) was identified from anterior STEMI patients with LV dysfunction who were treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from January 2017 to December 2019 at the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University. The no-LVT group (n = 92) were also selected from the same batch of patients and were age- and sex-matched to the patients with LVT. The PLR was determined at admission and was calculated as the ratio of the platelet count to the lymphocyte count using the complete blood count. The presence of LVT was determined by echocardiography. Results The PLR were significantly higher in patients with LVT than in no-LVT group (p = 0.001). In a receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, using a cut-off value of 118.07 (AUC 0.673, 95% CI: 0.574–0.771, P = 0.001), the PLR could independently predict the occurrence of LVT. Multivariate analysis showed that an increased PLR (OR = 1.011, 95% CI: 1.004–1.018, P = 0.002), the presence of a left ventricular aneurysm (OR = 46.350, 95% CI: 5.659–379.615, P < 0.001) and increased DTBT (OR = 1.005, 95% CI: 1.001–1.009, P = 0.012) were independent predictors of LVT formation. Conclusions In acute anterior STEMI patients with LV dysfunction, an increased PLR and DTBT and the presence of an LV aneurysm were independent predictors of LVT formation. A larger prospective study is warranted to evaluate this result. Trial registration This study was registered (May 4, 2019) on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-DDD-17011214).