Interaction between Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and EMT pathway mediates the mechanism of sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Abstract Background Targeted drugs are the main methods of RCC treatment. However, drug resistance is common in RCC patients, in-depth study of the drug-resistant mechanism is essential. Methods We constructed sunitinib resistant and Twist overexpressed A498 cells, and studied its mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Results In cell research, we found that either sunitinib resistance or Twist overexpression can activate Wnt/β-catenin and EMT signaling pathway, and the sunitinib resistance may work through β-catenin/TWIST/TCF4 trimer. In zebrafish research, we confirmed the similarity of Twist overexpression and sunitinib resistance, and the promoting effect of Twist overexpression on drug resistance. Conclusions Sunitinib resistance and Twist overexpression can activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and EMT to promote the growth and metastasis of RCC cells.