Evaluation of drug prescription pattern using World Health Organization prescribing indicators in public health facilities found in Ethiopia: systematic reviews and meta-analysis

Author:

Tefera Bereket BahiruORCID,Getachew Melese,Kebede Bekalu

Abstract

Abstract Background Drug use evaluation is a structured, methodological, and criteria-based drug assessment system that helps to evaluate the actual trend of drug use in a particular setting. If drug prescription practices are inappropriate, need to examine the patterns of drug use is necessary to change prescribing patterns accordingly. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the drug prescription pattern in public health facilities found in Ethiopia using prescribing indicators developed by the World Health Organization. Methods This review was conducted as per the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline. Extensive searching to identify articles was conducted in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Research Gate, Africa Journal of Online, and Google scholar. Finally, 10 eligible articles were selected for analysis based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The median value, as well as the 25th and 75th percentiles for each WHO prescribing indicator, were computed. Result The pooled median value of WHO prescribing indicators was reported as follows: the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter = 2.14 (IQR 1.79–2.52), the percentage of encounters with antibiotics prescribed = 43.46% (IQR 30.01–58.67), the percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed = 13.20% (6.47–40.7), percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name = 93.49% (89.13–97.96), and the percentage of medicines prescribed from essential medicines list = 92.54% (85.10–97.7). The forest plots determined for each prescribing indicator indicated that there is a high degree of heterogeneity across articles. Conclusion All of the prescribing indicators were not consistent with the standard values recommended by the World Health Organization. Therefore, public health facilities should take appropriate measures for improving the prescription patterns as per the recommendation set by the World Health Organization.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Pharmacy,Health Policy

Reference27 articles.

1. Mishore KM, Bekele NA, Yirba TY, Abone TF. Evaluation of Drug Use Pattern in Emergency Department of Dilchora Referral Hospital, Dire Dawa Ethiopia. HindawiEmerg Med Int. 2020;1:1–6.

2. Bilal AI, Osman ED, Mulugeta A. Assessment of medicines use pattern using World Health Organization’s Prescribing, Patient Care and Health facility indicators in selected health facilities in eastern Ethiopia. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016;16(144):7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-016-1414-6.

3. Sisay M, Mengistu G, Molla B, Amare F, Gabriel T. Evaluation of rational drug use based on World Health Organization core drug use indicators in selected public hospitals of eastern Ethiopia : a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(161):1–9.

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5. Desalegn AA. Assessment of drug use pattern using WHO prescribing indicators at Hawassa University teaching and referral hospital, south Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;13(178):1–6.

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