Author:
Shahin Atef A.,Omara Reda I.,Omar Hend A.,El-Din Heba Saad,Sehsah Mohamed D.,Essa Tarek,Zayton Marwa A.,Omar Hanaa S.
Abstract
AbstractStripe rust, induced by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is the most harmful and prevalent disease in temperate regions worldwide, affecting wheat production areas globally. An effective strategy for controlling the disease involves enhancing genetic resistance against stripe rust, achieved through Egyptian breeding efforts not previously conducted on wheat genotypes. The resistance level to stripe rust in thirty-eight wheat genotypes was assessed using marker-assisted selection methods. The investigation suggests that wheat breeding programs can utilize slow-rusting Yr genes, which are effective resistance genes, to develop novel genotypes with stripe rust resistance through marker-assisted breeding. Based on the four disease responses of the wheat genotypes under investigation, the results categorized the genotypes into three groups. The first group included resistant genotypes, the second group exhibited a slow-rusting character with the lowest disease symptom rates, and the last group displayed the highest disease characteristics rates throughout the three seasons, comprising fast-rusting genotypes. The rust-resistant genes identified were Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr18, Yr26, Yr29, Yr30, and Yr36. Genes Yr26, Yr30, and Yr36 were present in all genotypes. Genotypes Misr3, Misr4, Giza168, Giza167, Giza170, Giza171, Gemmeiza9, and Gemmeiza10 carried the Yr9 gene. Only one genotype, Sids13, was found to have the Yr17 gene. Genes Yr18 and Yr29 were identified in Sids14, Giza168, Giza170, Gemmeiza9, and Gemmeiza10. However, none of the wheat genotypes showed the presence of Yr5, Yr10, or Yr15. Several backcrossing generations were conducted to introduce the Yr5 and Yr10 genes into susceptible genotypes (Misr1, Misr2, and Gemmeiza11). These genotypes are cultivated globally and are known for producing high-quality flour, making them of great importance to farmers. The study demonstrates significant potential for enhancing wheat genotypes for stripe rust resistance and increased production.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference44 articles.
1. Curtis BC. Wheat in the world. In: B.C. Curtis, S. Rajaram, H.G. Macpherson, Bread wheat improvement and production, FAO Plant Production and Protection Series Rome: FAO. 2002; 1–18.
2. Omara RI, et al. Mentoring Interactive System for Stripe Rust. Agronomy. 2022;12(10):2416. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102416.
3. El-Daoudi YH et al. Stripe rust occurrence in Egypt and assessment of grain yield loss in 1995. In: Ezzahiri B, Lyamani A, Farih A, El-Yamani M, editors. Proceedings Du Symposium Regional Sur Les Maladies Nov 11–14; Rabat, Morocco. 1996; 341–351 pp.
4. Shahin AA. Occurrence of new races and virulence changes of the wheat stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia Striiformis f. sp. tritici) in Egypt. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot. 2020a;53(11–12):552–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2020.1767330.
5. Shahin AA, et al. Yield losses in wheat caused by stripe rust (Puccinia Striiformis) in Egypt. Am J Life Sci. 2020b;8(5):127–34. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20200805.17.