A novel N95 respirator with chitosan nanoparticles: mechanical, antiviral, microbiological and cytotoxicity evaluations
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Published:2023-09-21
Issue:1
Volume:18
Page:
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ISSN:2731-9229
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Container-title:Discover Nano
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Discover Nano
Author:
Landim Marcela Guimarães,Carneiro Marcella Lemos Brettas,Joanitti Graziella Anselmo,Anflor Carla Tatiana Mota,Marinho David Dobkowski,Rodrigues José Filipe Bacalhau,de Sousa Wladymyr Jefferson Bacalhau,Fernandes Daniel de Oliveira,Souza Beatriz Ferreira,Ombredane Alicia Simalie,do Nascimento Jessica Catarine Frutuoso,Felice Gisela de Jesus,Kubota Aline Midori Adati,Barbosa Juliana Simas Coutinho,Ohno John Hideki,Amoah Solomon Kweku Sagoe,Pena Lindomar José,Luz Glécia Virgolino da Silva,de Andrade Laise Rodrigues,Pinheiro Willie Oliveira,Ribeiro Bergmann Morais,Formiga Fábio Rocha,Fook Marcus Vinícius Lia,Rosa Mário Fabrício Fleury,Peixoto Henry Maia,Luiz Carregaro Rodrigo,Rosa Suélia de Siqueira Rodrigues Fleury
Abstract
Abstract
Background
It is known that some sectors of hospitals have high bacteria and virus loads that can remain as aerosols in the air and represent a significant health threat for patients and mainly professionals that work in the place daily. Therefore, the need for a respirator able to improve the filtration barrier of N95 masks and even inactivating airborne virus and bacteria becomes apparent. Such a fact motivated the creation of a new N95 respirator which employs chitosan nanoparticles on its intermediate layer (SN95 + CNP).
Results
The average chitosan nanoparticle size obtained was 165.20 ± 35.00 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.36 ± 0.03 and a zeta potential of 47.50 ± 1.70 mV. Mechanical tests demonstrate that the SN95 + CNP respirator is more resistant and meets the safety requisites of aerosol penetration, resistance to breath and flammability, presenting higher potential to filtrate microbial and viral particles when compared to conventional SN95 respirators. Furthermore, biological in vitro tests on bacteria, fungi and mammalian cell lines (HaCat, Vero E6 and CCL-81) corroborate the hypothesis that our SN95 + CNP respirator presents strong antimicrobial activity and is safe for human use. There was a reduction of 96.83% of the alphacoronavirus virus and 99% of H1N1 virus and MHV-3 betacoronavirus after 120 min of contact compared to the conventional respirator (SN95), demonstrating that SN95 + CNP have a relevant potential as personal protection equipment.
Conclusions
Due to chitosan nanotechnology, our novel N95 respirator presents improved mechanical, antimicrobial and antiviral characteristics.
Funder
National Conference of Bishops of Brazil Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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