Risk factors and management countermeasures for obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome in children

Abstract

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome (OSAHS) in children is a sleep respiratory disorder characterized by a series of pathophysiologic changes. Statistics in recent years have demonstrated an increasing yearly incidence. AIM To investigate the risk factors for OSAHS in children and propose appropriate management measures. METHODS This study had a case–control study design. Altogether, 85 children with OSAHS comprised the case group, and healthy children of the same age and sex were matched at 1:1 as the control group. Basic information, including age, sex, height, weight and family history, and medical history data of all study participants were collected. Polysomnography was used to detect at least 8 h of nocturnal sleep. All participants were clinically examined for the presence of adenoids, enlarged tonsils, sinusitis, and rhinitis. RESULTS The analysis of variance revealed that the case group had a higher proportion of factors such as adenoid grading, tonsil indexing, sinusitis, and rhinitis than the control group. CONCLUSION A regression model was established, and glandular pattern grading, tonsil indexing, sinusitis, and pharyngitis were identified as independent risk factors affecting OSAHS development.