Affiliation:
1. School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
2. Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
3. Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Abstract
Lowering carbohydrate consumption effectively lowers glucose, but impacts on inflammation are unclear. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine whether reducing hyperglycemia by following a low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LC) diet could lower markers of innate immune cell activation in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 2) examine if the combination of an LC diet with strategically timed postmeal walking was superior to an LC diet alone. Participants with T2D ( n = 11) completed a randomized crossover study involving three 4-day diet interventions: 1) low-fat low-glycemic index (GL), 2) and 3) LC with 15-min postmeal walks (LC+Ex). Four-day mean glucose was significantly lower in the LC+Ex group as compared with LC (−5%, P < 0.05), whereas both LC+Ex (−16%, P < 0.001) and LC (−12%, P < 0.001) conditions were lower than GL. A significant main effect of time was observed for peripheral blood mononuclear cells phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase ( P < 0.001), with decreases in all three conditions (GL: −32%, LC: −45%, and LC+Ex: −44%). A significant condition by time interaction was observed for monocyte microparticles ( P = 0.040) with a significant decrease in GL (−76%, P = 0.035) and a tendency for a reduction in LC (−70%, P = 0.064), whereas there was no significant change in LC+Ex (0.5%, P = 0.990). Both LC (−27%, P = 0.001) and LC+Ex (−35%, P = 0.005) also led to significant reductions in circulating proinsulin. An LC diet improved 4-day glycemic control and fasting proinsulin levels when compared with GL, with added glucose-lowering benefits when LC was combined with postmeal walking.
Funder
Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada)
Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR)
Gouvernement du Canada | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Conseil de Recherches en Sciences Naturelles et en Génie du Canada)
Medtronic (in kind support)
Sao Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP
HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Subject
Physiology (medical),Physiology
Cited by
53 articles.
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