Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations

Published:2023 Issue:1 Volume:41 Page:164
ISSN:2287-4208
Container-title:The World Journal of Men's Health
language:en
Short-container-title:World J Mens Health

Author:

Shah Rupin¹^ORCID,Agarwal Ashok²^ORCID,Kavoussi Parviz³^ORCID,Rambhatla Amarnath⁴^ORCID,Saleh Ramadan⁵^ORCID,Cannarella Rossella⁶^ORCID,Harraz Ahmed M.⁷⁸⁹^ORCID,Boitrelle Florence¹⁰¹¹^ORCID,Kuroda Shinnosuke²^ORCID,Hamoda Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid¹²¹³^ORCID,Zini Armand¹⁴^ORCID,Ko Edmund¹⁵^ORCID,Calik Gokhan¹⁶^ORCID,Toprak Tuncay¹⁷^ORCID,Kandil Hussein¹⁸^ORCID,Gül Murat¹⁹^ORCID,Bakırcıoğlu Mustafa Emre²⁰^ORCID,Parekh Neel²¹^ORCID,Russo Giorgio Ivan²²^ORCID,Tadros Nicholas²³^ORCID,Kadioglu Ates²⁴^ORCID,Arafa Mohamed²²⁵²⁶^ORCID,Chung Eric²⁷^ORCID,Rajmil Osvaldo²⁸^ORCID,Dimitriadis Fotios²⁹^ORCID,Malhotra Vineet³⁰^ORCID,Salvio Gianmaria³¹^ORCID,Henkel Ralf³²³³^ORCID,Le Tan V.³⁴³⁵^ORCID,Sogutdelen Emrullah³⁶^ORCID,Vij Sarah²¹^ORCID,Alarbid Abdullah⁸^ORCID,Gudeloglu Ahmet³⁷^ORCID,Tsujimura Akira³⁸^ORCID,Calogero Aldo E.⁶^ORCID,Meliegy Amr El³⁹^ORCID,Crafa Andrea⁶^ORCID,Kalkanli Arif⁴⁰^ORCID,Baser Aykut⁴¹^ORCID,Hazir Berk⁴²^ORCID,Giulioni Carlo⁴³^ORCID,Cho Chak-Lam⁴⁴^ORCID,Ho Christopher C.K.⁴⁵^ORCID,Salzano Ciro⁴⁶^ORCID,Zylbersztejn Daniel Suslik⁴⁷^ORCID,Tien Dung Mai Ba³⁴^ORCID,Pescatori Edoardo⁴⁸^ORCID,Borges Edson⁴⁹^ORCID,Serefoglu Ege Can⁵⁰^ORCID,Saïs-Hamza Emine¹⁰¹¹^ORCID,Huyghe Eric⁵¹^ORCID,Ceyhan Erman⁵²^ORCID,Caroppo Ettore⁵³^ORCID,Castiglioni Fabrizio⁵⁴^ORCID,Bahar Fahmi⁵⁵^ORCID,Gokalp Fatih⁵⁶^ORCID,Lombardo Francesco⁵⁷^ORCID,Gadda Franco⁵⁸^ORCID,Duarsa Gede Wirya Kusuma⁵⁹^ORCID,Pinggera Germar-Michael⁶⁰^ORCID,Busetto Gian Maria⁶¹^ORCID,Balercia Giancarlo³¹^ORCID,Cito Gianmartin⁶²^ORCID,Blecher Gideon⁶³⁶⁴^ORCID,Franco Giorgio⁶⁵^ORCID,Liguori Giovanni⁶⁶^ORCID,Elbardisi Haitham²⁵⁶⁷^ORCID,Keskin Hakan³⁷^ORCID,Lin Haocheng⁶⁸^ORCID,Taniguchi Hisanori⁶⁹^ORCID,Park Hyun Jun⁷⁰⁷¹^ORCID,Ziouziou Imad⁷²^ORCID,de la Rosette Jean⁷³^ORCID,Hotaling Jim⁷⁴^ORCID,Ramsay Jonathan⁷⁵^ORCID,Molina Juan Manuel Corral⁷⁶^ORCID,Lo Ka Lun⁷⁷^ORCID,Bocu Kadir⁷⁸^ORCID,Khalafalla Kareim²⁵⁷⁹^ORCID,Bowa Kasonde⁸⁰^ORCID,Okada Keisuke⁸¹^ORCID,Nagao Koichi⁸²^ORCID,Chiba Koji⁸¹^ORCID,Hakim Lukman⁸³^ORCID,Makarounis Konstantinos⁸⁴^ORCID,Hehemann Marah⁸⁵^ORCID,Peña Marcelo Rodriguez⁸⁶^ORCID,Falcone Marco⁸⁷^ORCID,Bendayan Marion¹⁰¹¹^ORCID,Martinez Marlon⁸⁸^ORCID,Timpano Massimiliano⁸⁷^ORCID,Altan Mesut⁸⁹^ORCID,Fode Mikkel⁹⁰⁹¹^ORCID,Al-Marhoon Mohamed S.⁹²^ORCID,Gilani Mohammad Ali Sadighi⁹³^ORCID,Soebadi Mohammad Ayodhia⁹⁴^ORCID,Gherabi Nazim⁹⁵^ORCID,Sofikitis Nikolaos⁹⁶^ORCID,Kahraman Oğuzhan⁵²^ORCID,Birowo Ponco⁹⁷^ORCID,Kothari Priyank⁹⁸^ORCID,Sindhwani Puneet⁹⁹^ORCID,Javed Qaisar¹⁰⁰^ORCID,Ambar Rafael F.¹⁰¹¹⁰²^ORCID,Kosgi Raghavender¹⁰³^ORCID,Ghayda Ramy Abou¹⁰⁴^ORCID,Adriansjah Ricky¹⁰⁵^ORCID,Condorelli Rosita Angela⁶^ORCID,Vignera Sandro La⁶^ORCID,Micic Sava¹⁰⁶^ORCID,Kim Shannon Hee Kyung¹⁰⁷¹⁰⁸^ORCID,Fukuhara Shinichiro¹⁰⁹^ORCID,Ahn Sun Tae¹¹⁰^ORCID,Mostafa Taymour³⁹^ORCID,Ong Teng Aik¹¹¹^ORCID,Takeshima Teppei¹¹²^ORCID,Amano Toshiyasu¹¹³^ORCID,Barrett Trenton¹¹⁴^ORCID,Arslan Umut¹⁷^ORCID,Karthikeyan Vilvapathy Senguttuvan¹¹⁵^ORCID,Atmoko Widi¹⁰³^ORCID,Yumura Yasushi¹¹²^ORCID,Yuan Yiming¹¹⁶^ORCID,Kato Yuki¹¹⁷^ORCID,Jezek Davor¹¹⁸^ORCID,Cheng Bryan Kwun-Chung¹¹⁹^ORCID,Hatzichristodoulou Georgios¹²⁰^ORCID,Dy Jun¹²¹^ORCID,Castañé Eduard Ruiz¹²²^ORCID,El-Sakka Ahmed I.¹²³^ORCID,Nguyen Quang¹²⁴¹²⁵^ORCID,Sarikaya Selcuk¹²⁶^ORCID,Boeri Luca⁵⁸^ORCID,Tan Ronny¹²⁷¹²⁸^ORCID,Moussa Mohamad A.¹²⁹¹³⁰^ORCID,El-Assmy Ahmed⁷^ORCID,Alali Hamed¹³¹^ORCID,Alhathal Naif¹³²^ORCID,Osman Yasser⁷^ORCID,Perovic Dragoljub¹³³^ORCID,Sajadi Hesamoddin⁹⁸^ORCID,Akhavizadegan Hamed¹³⁴^ORCID,Vučinić Miroslav¹³⁵^ORCID,Kattan Said¹³²^ORCID,Kattan Mohamed S.¹³²^ORCID,Mogharabian Nasser¹³⁶^ORCID,Phuoc Nguyen Ho Vinh³⁴^ORCID,Ngoo Kay Seong¹³⁷^ORCID,Alkandari Mohammad H.¹³⁸^ORCID,Alsuhaibani Shaheed¹³⁹^ORCID,Sokolakis Ioannis¹²⁰^ORCID,Babaei Mehdi¹⁴⁰^ORCID,King Mak Siu⁷⁷^ORCID,Diemer Thorsten¹⁴¹^ORCID,Gava Marcelo M.¹⁰¹¹⁰²^ORCID,Henrique Raphael¹⁴²^ORCID,Silva Rodrigo Spinola e¹⁰¹¹⁰²^ORCID,Paul Gustavo Marquesine¹⁴³^ORCID,Mierzwa Tiago Cesar¹⁴⁴^ORCID,Glina Sidney¹⁰¹^ORCID,Siddiqi Kashif¹⁴⁵^ORCID,Wu Han¹⁴⁶^ORCID,Wurzacher Jana¹⁴⁷^ORCID,Farkouh Ala’a²^ORCID,Son Hwancheol¹⁴⁸^ORCID,Minhas Suks¹⁴⁹^ORCID,Lee Joe¹⁵⁰^ORCID,Magsanoc Nikko¹⁵¹^ORCID,Capogrosso Paolo¹⁵²^ORCID,Albano German Jose⁸⁸^ORCID,Lewis Sheena E. M.¹⁵³^ORCID,Jayasena Channa N.¹⁵⁴¹⁵⁵^ORCID,Alvarez Juan G.¹⁵⁶^ORCID,Teo Colin¹⁵⁷^ORCID,Smith Ryan P.¹⁵⁸^ORCID,Chua Jo Ben M.¹⁵⁹^ORCID,Jensen Christian Fuglesang S.¹⁶⁰^ORCID,Parekattil Sijo¹⁶¹^ORCID,Finelli Renata²^ORCID,Durairajanayagam Damayanthi¹⁶²^ORCID,Karna Keshab Kumar²^ORCID,Ahmed Abdelkareem⁹^ORCID,Evenson Don¹⁶³^ORCID,Umemoto Yukihiro¹⁶⁴^ORCID,Puigvert Ana¹⁶⁵^ORCID,Çeker Gökhan¹⁶⁶¹⁶⁷^ORCID,Colpi Giovanni M¹⁶⁸^ORCID,

Affiliation:

1. Division of Andrology, Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India.

2. American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

3. Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, TX, USA.

4. Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.

5. Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

6. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

7. Mansoura University Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt.

8. Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, Farwaniya Hospital, Farwaniya, Kuwait.

9. Department of Urology, Sabah Al Ahmad Urology Center, Kuwait City, Kuwait.

10. Department of Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France.

11. Department of Biology, Reproduction, Epigenetics, Environment and Development, Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

12. Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

13. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.

14. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

15. Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA.

16. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.

17. Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.

18. Fakih IVF Fertility Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

19. Department of Urology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.

20. SENSART Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.

21. Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

22. Urology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

23. Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.

24. Section of Andrology, Department of Urology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

25. Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

26. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.

27. Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

28. Department of Andrology, Fundacio Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain.

29. Department of Urology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

30. SCM Clinic and Hospital, New Delhi, India.

31. Department of Endocrinology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.

32. Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.

33. Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.

34. Department of Andrology, Binh Dan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

35. Department of Urology and Andrology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

36. Department of Urology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.

37. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

38. Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan.

39. Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

40. Department of Urology, Taksim Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

41. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Balıkesir, Turkey.

42. Reproductive medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

43. Department of Urology, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Ancona, Italy.

44. S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

45. Department of Urology, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Specialist Centre, Selangor, Malaysia.

46. PO San Giovanni Bosco, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Napoli, Italy.

47. Fleury Group and Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.

48. Andrology and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Gynepro Medical, Bologna, Italy.

49. Fertility Medical Group, São Paulo, Brazil.

50. Department of Urology, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

51. Department of Urology and Andrology, University Hospital of Toulouse, France.

52. Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Baskent University, Konya, Turkey.

53. Asl Bari, PTA “F Jaia”, Reproductive and IVF unit, Andrology Outpatients Clinic, Asl Bari, Conversano (Ba), Italy.

54. Andrology Unit, ART Center - San Carlo Clinic, Paderno Dugnano, Milan, Italy.

55. Andrology Section, Siloam Sriwijaya Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.

56. Department of Urology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey.

57. Laboratory of Seminology—Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy.

58. Department of Urology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

59. Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.

60. Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.

61. Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Ospedali Riuniti of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.

62. Department of Urology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

63. Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

64. Department of Urology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

65. Department of Urology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

66. Department of Urology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

67. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.

68. Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.

69. Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.

70. Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

71. Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.

72. Department of Urology, College of medicine and pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.

73. Department of urology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol Mega University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

74. Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

75. Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial, London, UK.

76. Servicio de Urología, Hospital Clínico de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

77. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

78. Department of Urology, Silopi State Hospital, Sirnak, Turkey.

79. Department of Urology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.

80. Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia.

81. Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

82. Department of Urology, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

83. Department of Urology, Universitas Airlangga/Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

84. Department of Urology and Andrology, Locus Medicus, Athens, Greece.

85. Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

86. Instituto de Ginecología y Fertilidad (IFER), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

87. Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.

88. Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

89. Department of Urology, Haceppete University, Ankara, Turkey.

90. Department of Urology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

91. Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

92. Department of Surgery, Urology Division, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.

93. Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.

94. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.

95. Andrology Committee of the Algerian Association of Urology, Algiers, Algeria.

96. Department of Urology, Ioannina University School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.

97. Department of Urology, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.

98. B.Y.L Nair Ch Hospital, Mumbai, India.

99. Department of Urology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA.

100. Department of Urology, Al - Ahlia Hospital Abu Dhabi UAE, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

101. Department of Urology, Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.

102. Andrology Group at Ideia Fertil Institute of Human Reproduction, Santo André, Brazil.

103. Department of Urology and Andrology, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

104. Urology Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

105. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Banding, Indonesia.

106. Department of Andrology, Uromedica Polyclinic, Belgrade, Serbia.

107. IVF Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

108. Macquarie School of Medicine, Macquaire University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

109. Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.

110. Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

111. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

112. Department of Urology, Reproduction Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.

113. Department of Urology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Nagano, Japan.

114. Perth Urology Clinic, Perth, WA, Australia.

115. Andrology Unit, Department of Urology, Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai, India.

116. Andrology Center & Urology Department, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.

117. Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.

118. Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, Reproductive Tissue Bank, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, University Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

119. Department of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

120. Department of Urology, Martha-Maria Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany.

121. Stone and Prostate Treatment Services/Pelvic Floor Center and Anorectal Diseases, St. Luke’s Medical Center, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines.

122. Department of Andrology, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

123. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

124. Center for Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Viet Duc University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.

125. Department of Urology, Andrology and Sexual Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.

126. Department of Urology, Gülhane Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.

127. Advanced Urology Associates, Singapore.

128. Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore.

129. Department of Urology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.

130. Department of Urology, Al Zahraa Hospital, UMC, Lebanon.

131. King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

132. King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

133. Urology and Andrology Center, CODRA Hospital, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro.

134. Department of Urology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

135. Department of Urology, Užice General Hospital, Zlatibor, Serbia.

136. Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.

137. Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Hospital Angkatan Tentera Tuanku Mizan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

138. Department of Urology, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Teaching Hospital, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.

139. Department of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

140. Department of Andrology, Shariati Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

141. Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (GER), University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

142. Santa Casa de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.

143. Department of Urology, Hospital de Clínicas of the Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.

144. Androlab, Fertility Clinic, Curitiba, Brazil.

145. Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

146. Department of Andrology, PKU 3rd Hospital Reproductive Medicine Center, Beijing, China.

147. Department of Urology, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

148. Department of Urology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

149. Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.

150. Department of Urology, National University Hospital, Singapore.

151. Department of Surgery, University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Manila, Philippines.

152. Department of Urology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.

153. Examenlab Ltd., Northern Ireland, UK.

154. Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Andrology, Imperial College London, London, UK.

155. Department of Andrology, Hammersmith & St. Mary’s Hospitals, London, UK.

156. Department of Andrology, Centro ANDROGEN, La Coruña, Spain.

157. Department of Urology, Gleneagles Hospital, Singapore.

158. Department of Urology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Virginia, USA.

159. Department of Urology, East Avenue Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines.

160. Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.

161. Avant Concierge Urology & University of Central Florida, Winter Garden, FL, USA.

162. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.

163. SCSA Diagnostics, Brookings, SD, USA.

164. Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan.

165. Urological and Human Reproduction Unit, Quiron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.

166. Department of Urology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

167. Department of Embryology and Histology, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Institute of Health Sciences, Zonguldak, Turkey.

168. Next Fertility Procrea, Lugano, Switzerland.

Publisher

Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Urology,Psychiatry and Mental health,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Health Policy,Aging,Reproductive Medicine

Link

https://wjmh.org/pdf/10.5534/wjmh.220048

Reference104 articles.

1. Epidemiology of varicocele

2. Varicocele Is Associated with Impaired Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormone Levels: A Study of 7035 Healthy Young Men from Six European Countries

3. The influence of varicocele on parameters of fertility in a large group of men presenting to infertility clinics**Supported by the Special Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

4. An In-Depth Bibliometric Analysis and Current Perspective on Male infertility Research

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