Separability criterion using one observable for special states: Entanglement detection via quantum quench

Abstract

Detecting entanglement in many-body quantum systems is crucial but challenging, typically requiring multiple measurements. Here, we establish a class of states where measuring connected correlations in just basis gives a necessary condition to detect bipartite separability, thus offering a sufficient condition to detect entanglement, provided the appropriate basis and observables are chosen. This methodology leverages prior information about the state, which, although insufficient to reveal the complete state or its entanglement, enables our one basis approach to be effective. We discuss the possibility of one observable entanglement detection in a variety of systems, including those without conserved charges, such as the transverse Ising model, reaching the appropriate basis via quantum quench. This provides a much simpler pathway of detection than previous works. It also shows improved sensitivity from Pearson correlation detection techniques. Published by the American Physical Society 2024