Isolated Compounds from Buddleja Coriacea with Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities in the Urinary Tract

Abstract

Abstract Buddleja coriacea Remy is one of the plant species used by the Bolivian population for the treatment of urinary infections. This study aimed to identify the extract, fractions, and compounds responsible for the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of B. coriacea leaves. Bioguided isolation of compounds with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities was carried out by measuring the antibacterial effect against specific pathogenic microbial strains, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens, and the inhibition of NF-κB in RM-2 and MM.14Ov cells. Bioassay-guided isolation led to the isolation and characterisation of (4aR,4bS,5 S,6aS,6bS,9aR,10aS,10bS)-6b-glycoloyl-5-hydroxy-4a,6a-dimethyl-8-propyl-4a,4b,5,6,6a,6b,9a,10,10a,10b,11,12-dodecahydro-2H-naphtho [2',1':4,5] indeno [1,2-d][1,3] dioxol-2-one (1), 3-[3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-yl]-N-(4-methoxybenzyl) acrylamide (2), and (1β,11β,12α)-1,11,12-trihydroxy-11,20-epoxypicrasa-3,13(21)-diene-2,16-dione (3) by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. All compounds showed antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 11.64–11.81, 0.17–0.19, and 0.34–0.36 µM, respectively, on the tested strains, while the positive control, ofloxacin, had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 27.66 µM. Finally, all the compounds showed NF-κB inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 11.25–11.34, 0.15–0.16, and 0.33–0.36 µM, respectively, in all cell lines, while the positive control, celastrol, had an IC50 of 7.96 µM. Thus, this study managed to isolate and evaluate for the first time the pharmacological potential of three compounds present in the leaves of B. coriacea with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.