Value of contrast-enhanced sonography in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux

Abstract

Background Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the urinary tract and bladder (ceVUS) is an alternative examination method to micturition cysturethrography (MCU/VCUG) for suspected vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) that is increasing in practice. The purpose of this review is to present the current value of ceVUS in the diagnosis. Method A systematic literature search was performed using the keywords “vesicoureteral reflux”, “ceVUS”, “VCUG” of the databases MEDLINE and Cochrane Library as well as a review of current German, European, and American guidelines on this topic. In addition, recommendations for action in clinical practice were developed. Conclusion ceVUS is a quick-to-learn examination method that is equivalent to VCUG for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux and should be used as the diagnostic method of first choice when available given the absence of radiation exposure. Key Points  Citation Format