Affiliation:
1. College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Peopleʼs Republic of China
2. Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, Peopleʼs Republic of
China
3. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Abstract
AbstractFungi-derived polyketide-terpenoid hybrids are important meroterpenoid natural products that possess diverse structure scaffolds with a broad spectrum of bioactivities. Herein, we focus on
an ever-increasing group of meroterpenoids, orsellinic acid-sesquiterpene hybrids comprised of biosynthetic start unit orsellinic acid coupling to a farnesyl group or/and its modified cyclic
products. The review entails the search of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases up to June 2022. The key terms
include “orsellinic acid”, “sesquiterpene”, “ascochlorin”, “ascofuranone”, and “Ascochyta viciae”, which are combined with the structures of “ascochlorin” and “ascofuranone” drawn by
the Reaxys and Scifinder databases. In our search, these orsellinic acid-sesquiterpene hybrids are mainly produced by filamentous fungi. Ascochlorin was the first compound reported in 1968
and isolated from filamentous fungus Ascochyta viciae (synonym: Acremonium egyptiacum; Acremonium sclerotigenum); to date, 71 molecules are discovered from various filamentous
fungi inhabiting in a variety of ecological niches. As typical representatives of the hybrid molecules, the biosynthetic pathway of ascofuranone and ascochlorin are discussed. The group of
meroterpenoid hybrids exhibits a broad arrange of bioactivities, as highlighted by targeting hDHODH (human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase) inhibition, antitrypanosomal, and antimicrobial
activities. This review summarizes the findings related to the structures, fungal sources, bioactivities, and their biosynthesis from 1968 to June 2022.
Funder
Nanjing Forestry University
Subject
Organic Chemistry,Complementary and alternative medicine,Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science,Pharmacology,Molecular Medicine,Analytical Chemistry