Latest Developments on Palladium- and Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Couplings Using Aryl Chlorides: Suzuki–Miyaura and Buchwald–Hartwig Reactions

Abstract

AbstractPalladium- and nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings are powerful methods for constructing C–C and C–N bonds, particularly through Suzuki–Miyaura and Buchwald–Hartwig reactions. Although aryl iodides, bromides, and triflates are the most commonly used substrates, aryl chlorides are less frequently utilized due to their lower reactivity. However, they are appealing because they are readily available and inexpensive. This short review highlights recent developments on the Suzuki–Miyaura and Buchwald–Hartwig cross-couplings of aryl chlorides, using both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis with palladium and nickel.1 Introduction2 Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Couplings2.1 Homogeneous Palladium Catalysis2.2 Heterogeneous Palladium Catalysis2.3 Homogeneous Nickel Catalysis2.4 Heterogeneous Nickel Catalysis3 Buchwald–Hartwig Amination Reactions3.1 Homogeneous Palladium Catalysis3.2 Heterogeneous Palladium Catalysis3.3 Homogeneous Nickel Catalysis3.4 Heterogeneous Nickel Catalysis4 Conclusion