46.5.7 Three-Component Coupling Reactions that Generate 1,3-Dienes

Abstract

AbstractThree-component coupling reactions have emerged as an atom-economical approach to generate a wide variety of new molecular architectures containing a 1,3-diene. While a variety of methods exist to generate 1,3-dienes, three-component coupling reactions permit stereoselective access to unique substitution patterns within this privileged functionality. Dienes are ubiquitous in natural products and bioactive molecules, and also serve as important building blocks in organic synthesis. Transition-metal-catalyzed three-component couplings that employ a nickel, copper, palladium, ruthenium, palladium/copper, chromium, or indium catalyst can provide access to a diverse array of 1,3-dienes. Organocatalytic three-component coupling reactions offer an alternate route to 1,3-dienes without the use of a metal catalyst. The multiple synthetic methods to generate 1,3-dienes using a three-component coupling approach bring diversity to the organic chemistry toolbox, and these methods are discussed in this chapter.