Trends in volumes and survival after hematopoietic cell transplantation in racial/ethnic minorities

Author:

Khera Nandita1,Ailawadhi Sikander2,Brazauskas Ruta34,Patel Jinalben4ORCID,Jacobs Benjamin4,Ustun Celalettin5ORCID,Ballen Karen6,Abid Muhammad Bilal7ORCID,Diaz Perez Miguel Angel8ORCID,Al-Homsi A. Samer9,Hashem Hasan10ORCID,Hong Sanghee11,Munker Reinhold12,Schears Raquel M.13,Lazarus Hillard M.14,Ciurea Stefan15ORCID,Badawy Sherif M.1617ORCID,Savani Bipin N.18ORCID,Wirk Baldeep19,LeMaistre C. Fred20ORCID,Bhatt Neel S.2122ORCID,Beitinjaneh Amer23,Aljurf Mahmoud24,Sharma Akshay25ORCID,Cerny Jan26ORCID,Knight Jennifer M.272829ORCID,Kelkar Amar H.30ORCID,Yared Jean A.31,Kindwall-Keller Tamila32,Winestone Lena E.33ORCID,Steinberg Amir34,Arnold Staci D.35ORCID,Seo Sachiko36ORCID,Preussler Jaime M.37ORCID,Hossain Nasheed M.38ORCID,Fingrut Warren B.3940ORCID,Agrawal Vaibhav41,Hashmi Shahrukh424344ORCID,Lehmann Leslie E.45,Wood William A.46,Rangarajan Hemalatha G.47ORCID,Saber Wael4,Hahn Theresa48

Affiliation:

1. 1Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ

2. 2Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL

3. 3Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

4. 4Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

5. 5Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Cell Therapy, Rush University, Chicago, IL

6. 6Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA

7. 7Divisions of Hematology/Oncology & Infectious Diseases, BMT & Cellular Therapy Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

8. 8Department of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesus, Madrid, Spain

9. 9New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Langone Health, New York, NY

10. 10Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Bone marrow Transplantation, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan

11. 11Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC

12. 12Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

13. 13University of Central Florida, Department of Emergency Medicine, Orlando, FL

14. 14University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

15. 15Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA

16. 16Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL

17. 17Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL

18. 18Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN

19. 19Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA

20. 20Sarah Cannon, Nashville, TN

21. 21Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA

22. 22Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA

23. 23Division of Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Miami Hospital and Clinics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL

24. 24Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Center & Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

25. 25Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN

26. 26Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School and Medical Center, Worcester, MA

27. 27Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

28. 28Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

29. 29Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

30. 30Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

31. 31Transplantation & Cellular Therapy Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD

32. 32MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH

33. 33Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Blood & Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children’s Hospitals, San Francisco, CA

34. 34Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY

35. 35Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorder Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA

36. 36Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan

37. 37Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, National Marrow Donor Program/Be The Match, Minneapolis, MN

38. 38Divisions of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cell Therapy and Transplantation Program, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA

39. 39Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA

40. 40Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY

41. 41Division of Leukemia, Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA

42. 42Department of Medicine, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE

43. 43Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

44. 44College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE

45. 45Dana Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorder Center, Boston, MA

46. 46Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC

47. 47Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH

48. 48Department of Cancer Prevention & Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY

Abstract

Abstract There has been an increase in volume as well as an improvement in overall survival (OS) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for hematologic disorders. It is unknown if these changes have affected racial/ethnic minorities equally. In this observational study from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research of 79 904 autologous (auto) and 65 662 allogeneic (allo) HCTs, we examined the volume and rates of change of autoHCT and alloHCT over time and trends in OS in 4 racial/ethnic groups: non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), non-Hispanic African Americans (NHAAs), and Hispanics across 5 2-year cohorts from 2009 to 2018. Rates of change were compared using Poisson model. Adjusted and unadjusted Cox proportional hazards models examined trends in mortality in the 4 racial/ethnic groups over 5 study time periods. The rates of increase in volume were significantly higher for Hispanics and NHAAs vs NHW for both autoHCT and alloHCT. Adjusted overall mortality after autoHCT was comparable across all racial/ethnic groups. NHAA adults (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.22; P = .004) and pediatric patients (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.3-2.03; P < .001) had a higher risk of mortality after alloHCT than NHWs. Improvement in OS over time was seen in all 4 groups after both autoHCT and alloHCT. Our study shows the rate of change for the use of autoHCT and alloHCT is higher in NHAAs and Hispanics than in NHWs. Survival after autoHCT and alloHCT improved over time; however, NHAAs have worse OS after alloHCT, which has persisted. Continued efforts are needed to mitigate disparities for patients requiring alloHCT.

Publisher

American Society of Hematology

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