Affiliation:
1. Department of Internal Medicine, US Naval Hospital, San Diego, CA 92134.
Abstract
Abstract
Alloimmunization to donor class I HLA antigens represents a major obstacle to successful platelet transfusion therapy. It is desirable to distinguish alloimmunization from nonimmunologic causes of poor platelet survival to assess the need for HLA-matched, single-donor platelets. We describe a new in vitro assay for anti-HLA antibodies and report its application to the problem of platelet crossmatching. In contrast to previously described crossmatch techniques, the immunobead assay is specific for anti-HLA antibodies. The assay was used to evaluate 51 single-donor platelet transfusions given to seven patients from 35 different donors. Recipient plasma was assayed for antibodies directed against HLA antigens present on donor platelets. A one-hour posttransfusion corrected count increment of greater than or equal to 7,500 was considered a successful outcome. Twenty-nine of 33 (87.9%) transfusion episodes associated with a negative immunobead assay had successful outcomes. The four unsuccessful transfusions were associated with potential nonimmunologic causes of poor platelet survival. Only two of 18 (11.1%) episodes associated with a positive assay had successful outcomes. Only one unsuccessful transfusion episode was associated with a negative immunobead assay and a positive radiolabeled antiglobulin test result, which suggested that isolated alloantibodies to antigens other than class I HLA antigens are not a common cause of platelet refractoriness. Platelets stored in suspension at 4 degrees C or frozen in liquid nitrogen were found suitable for crossmatch testing.
Publisher
American Society of Hematology
Subject
Cell Biology,Hematology,Immunology,Biochemistry
Cited by
14 articles.
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