Development and validation of an individual job performance questionnaire (IJPQ)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Developing reliable tools to tap into all the behavioral dimensions of individual job performance and identifying the right sub-dimensions is necessary for both research and practice. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at developing and validating an IJPQ that addresses shortcomings of existing questionnaires. METHODS: After a comprehensive systematic literature review, a framework consisting of four dimensions, including task performance (TP), contextual performance (CP), counterproductive work behavior (CWB), and adaptive performance (AP) was structured for measuring IJP. As well, 45 sub-dimensions were identified for measuring IJP’s dimensions. Content and face validity were evaluated, and item impact score (IS), content validity index (CVI), Kappa, and content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated. For reliability and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), 525 workers completed the validated questionnaire and Cronbach alpha and goodness of fit indexes were determined, respectively. RESULTS: Of the 62 items generated to measure dimensions, 53 were approved. Based on item-level CVI, of the 53 items, only 45 items were accepted. Finally, the results of item level CVR led to the extraction of 27 questions to evaluate IJP. The obtained scale level CVI and scale level CVR were 0.91 and 0.68, respectively. Based on the results obtained from 525 Iranian workers, values of Cronbach’s Alpha, X2/df, RMSEA, and P-value were in the acceptable range. CONCLUSIONS: Conclusively, a questionnaire containing 20 items was developed and validated for measuring IJP of Iranian worker’s culture. The four dimensions of TP, CO, CWB, and AP consisted of 6, 5, 5, and 4 items each, respectively. Overall, IJPQ is a theory-based, reliable, and valid instrument for assessing job performance.