Parkinson’s disease classification with CWNN: Using wavelet transformations and IMU data fusion for improved accuracy

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor impairments and various other symptoms. Early and accurate classification of PD patients is crucial for timely intervention and personalized treatment. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) have emerged as a promising tool for gathering movement data and aiding in PD classification. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes a Convolutional Wavelet Neural Network (CWNN) approach for PD classification using IMU data. CWNNs have emerged as effective models for sensor data classification. The objective is to determine the optimal combination of wavelet transform and IMU data type that yields the highest classification accuracy for PD. METHODS: The proposed CWNN architecture integrates convolutional neural networks and wavelet neural networks to capture spatial and temporal dependencies in IMU data. Different wavelet functions, such as Morlet, Mexican Hat, and Gaussian, are employed in the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) step. The CWNN is trained and evaluated using various combinations of accelerometer data, gyroscope data, and fusion data. RESULTS: Extensive experiments are conducted using a comprehensive dataset of IMU data collected from individuals with and without PD. The performance of the proposed CWNN is evaluated in terms of classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results demonstrate the impact of different wavelet functions and IMU data types on PD classification performance, revealing that the combination of Morlet wavelet function and IMU data fusion achieves the highest accuracy. CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the significance of combining CWT with IMU data fusion for PD classification using CWNNs. The integration of CWT-based feature extraction and the fusion of IMU data from multiple sensors enhance the representation of PD-related patterns, leading to improved classification accuracy. This research provides valuable insights into the potential of CWT and IMU data fusion for advancing PD classification models, enabling more accurate and reliable diagnosis.