1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
2. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China
3. Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
4. School of Metallurgy and Environment and National Center for International Cooperation of Clean Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China