Quantitative Methodologies for Determining the Amount and Structure of AOB at the Transcriptional Level in Wastewater Treatment Plants

Abstract

Biological nitrification, or the oxidation of ammonia by bacteria, removes nitrogen from wastewater. Because of its destructive effects on aquatic life, the presence of ammonia in wastewater promotes eutrophication. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) have a direct role in wastewater treatment plants, and a thorough ecological understanding is required to support their future utilization. The physiology, diversity, and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) as well as their method of action are all covered in this chapter. We have also discussed current quantitative methodologies for determining the amount and structure of AOB at the transcriptional level in wastewater treatment plants and how environmental conditions influence them. We talk about future development opportunities in the final segment.