1. A. Greenberg , The Amide Linkage: Structural Significance in Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Materials Science, Wiley-Interscience, 2000. For a detailed discussion of the types of distorted amide bonds, including a useful qualitative description, see: S.Yamada, in The Amide Linkage: Structural Significance in Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Materials Science, Wiley-Interscience, 2000, p. 215
2. Need for nonplanar peptide units in polypeptide chains
3. Deviations from Planarity of the Peptide Bond in Peptides and Proteins
4. Water-Promoted Hydrolysis of a Highly Twisted Amide: Rate Acceleration Caused by the Twist of the Amide Bond