Gel-Electrophoretic Separation of a Number of Synthetic Food Dyes with Following Determination by Spectrophotometric and Visual Method: Simply and Economically

Abstract

An aim of investigation was separation of synthetic food dyes E 102, E 110, E 122, E 124, E 129, E 132 and E 133 by method of planar gel-electrophoresis with following detection and determination of analytes directly on gel plate. Agar-agar gel or polyacrylamide gel was used as carrier. The influence of electrophoretic buffer pH, amperage, voltage as well as time of electrophoresis on dyes separation in agar-agar gel was investigated. Changing of dyes mobility with pH changing was explained by analysis of their ionization constants. The results of dyes electrophoretic separation were evaluated directly on gel plate by spectrophotometric and visual methods. The metrological characteristics of dyes spectrophotometric quantification and visual semiquantification after analytes separation were evaluated. The metrological characteristics of visual detection and semi-quantification of dyes were evaluated on the basis of statistical approach and investigation of analyte detection probability distribution in the range of reaction unreliability. The suggested technique of electrophoretic separation and following spectrophotometric or visual determination of dyes was successfully checked in analysis of pharmaceuticals.