Evaluation of the Effect of 5-Fluorouracil in Combination with NAC and L-arginine in Breast Adenocarcinoma Cell Invasion and Migration: In Vitro

Abstract

Chemoresistance, being a major challenge in breast cancer, and decreasing the harmful effects of chemotherapy on normal cells such as endothelial cells is a key aspect in therapeutic effectiveness. The goal of this study is to see how N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, and L-Arginine, an amino acid, work together with the cytotoxic medicine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to affect BAC cell invasion and migration. In vitro cell culture experiments on BAC were carried out with or without NAC and L-Arginine. The MTT test was used to determine cell viability. VEGF analysis verified cell invasion and migration. The results demonstrated that NAC decreased VEGF levels due to its powerful anticancer effect. L-arginine enhanced 5-FU's impact on BAC by decreasing cell viability and boosting apoptosis. Furthermore, L-arginine reduced BAC metastatic capacity, which was supported by migration, invasion, and gene expression data on the cell line. Overall, our data strongly imply that L-arginine prevents 5-FU-induced cell death in BAC. The results showed that L-arginine enhanced the anticancer impact of 5-FU BAC. As a result, combination therapy with L-arginine and 5-FU might be regarded a successful approach in the treatment of breast cancer.