Features of external therapy of allergic skin diseases in children

Abstract

The development of inflammatory process in the skin has proven to be primarily associated with the immune system defects, in particular T-lymphocytes: the Th2 response predominates during the acute phase of the disease, when Th2 cells are stimulated with the subsequent hyperproduction of IgE; during the chronic phase, the Th2- shifts to Th1-immune response. At the same time, a significant amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31 and IFN-γ move into this process. In addition, it is known that skin reactions can be induced not only by food allergens, but also by other allergens (house dust mites, Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, mold fungi). The prevalence of atopic dermatitis among the children’s population is up to 20%, while half of the children have skin lesions characterized by a severe long-term course, which violates their quality of life. The main goal of external therapy of dermatoses is to achieve control over subjective symptoms (especially skin itching), as well as regression of inflammatory manifestations with subsequent persistent remission of the allergic process. Local therapy of manifestations of atopic dermatitis is based on the adequate use of various external forms, as well as means in accordance with the inflammatory manifestations and localization of the inflammatory process. The article describes clinical cases of treatment of atopic dermatitis with various variants of its course using methylprednisolone aceponate cream with ceramides, emollient agents. It has been shown that the combined use of topical corticosteroids and emollients contributes to a rapid reduction of inflammation, dry skin and itching. The absence of toxic and side effects on this type of therapy in children with high treatment efficiency is emphasized.