Application of blood plasma enriched with platelet derived growth factors in experimental perforation of the tympanic membrane

Abstract

Acute traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane occupies a significant place in the structure of the pathology of the middle ear, since «persistent» perforation of the tympanic membrane is the main cause of chronic inflammation in the middle ear, leading to hearing loss and reducing the quality of life of patients. «Persistent» perforation of the tympanic membrane, according to various authors, is formed in 84-392 cases per 10,000 population, so restoring the integrity of the damaged tympanic membrane is one of the main tasks of reconstructive otosurgery. Most authors are of the opinion that it is advisable to close the traumatic eardrum defect early. To date, many ways to close it have been developed. In modern otorhinolaryngology there is extensive experience in using various methods of myringoplasty using various materials for traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane. However, such a wide variety of plastic techniques and the variety of materials used for this indicates an unresolved problem of closing the perforation of the tympanic membrane. To date, many works have been published that confirm the effectiveness of the use of blood plasma enriched with platelet growth factors in plastic surgery, cosmetology, traumatology, and dentistry. The result of exposure to blood plasma enriched with growth factors is the expression of proteins that regulate chemotaxis, adhesion, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell differentiation and the synthesis of extracellular matrix components. Blood plasma enriched with growth factors is autologous (biocompatible), safe from the point of view of the transfer of infectious pathogens. Thus, it can be assumed that the use of plasma enriched with growth factors during surgery during closure of acute perforation of the tympanic membrane will lead to accelerated tissue regeneration and, consequently, a reduction in the length of the postoperative period, and improved treatment outcomes. The use of this method is possible even in a day hospital.